Where HIV in Europe stands.
Treatment works, and PrEP use keeps growing. The gaps are in finding HIV early and in getting PrEP to everyone who could use it.
How many people live with HIV in Europe?
2.1 million across the WHO European Region. Most live in the east, where most new diagnoses are too.
People living with HIV, 2024. About 106,000 new diagnoses were reported in 2024, and the diagnosis rate fell 8% on 2023. Source: ECDC/WHO, 2025
Does treatment work?
Yes. 95% of people on treatment have an undetectable virus, so they cannot pass HIV on through sex.
The target is 95% at every step. The first two steps are where people are still being missed. Source: ECDC, 2025
Who is being diagnosed?
56% of new diagnoses in the EU/EEA are among people born abroad. Many acquired HIV after they arrived, so prevention matters here.
Excludes unknown origin. An estimated 45% of sub-Saharan African migrants living with HIV in nine European countries acquired it after migrating. Sources: ECDC/WHO, 2025; aMASE, 2017
How early is HIV found?
Often too late. In three of these four groups, more than half learn they have HIV after it has already damaged their immune system.
Share diagnosed late (CD4 count below 350), EU/EEA, 2023. Source: ECDC/WHO, 2024
How many people use PrEP?
Growing fast, but short of the goal. About 345,000 people used PrEP in 2024, around 60,000 more than in 2023. The 2025 goal was 500,000.
Europe and Central Asia. Source: ECDC PrEP monitoring, 2025
Is PrEP reaching women and migrants?
Not enough of them yet. People born abroad make up over half of new diagnoses, but migrants are a quarter of PrEP users, and women 3.4%.
Diagnoses: EU/EEA, 2024. PrEP users: share in the countries that report it. Sources: ECDC/WHO, 2025; ECDC, 2025
How well do healthcare workers know PrEP?
Less well than other HIV tools. 41% answered a question about PrEP correctly, the lowest of the three topics tested.
Share answering correctly, 18,430 healthcare workers. Source: ECDC/EACS healthcare stigma survey
What closes the gaps?
The countries making progress do a few things consistently.
- Offer, don’t wait to be asked. Mention PrEP at every HIV or STI test, contraception visit and new registration.
- Make it free and easy to reach. Funded PrEP, prescribed outside specialist clinics too.
- Include everyone, whatever their papers. Access that does not depend on residency or insurance.
- Count who is missing. Report PrEP use by gender and country of birth, so gaps can be seen.
Drawn from the recommendations in ECDC PrEP monitoring, 2025. See the country insights alongside.